| Notes | administrative slack
"Certain conditions are necessary for creativity to flourish, one of which is the time to play with ideas while in an open mode of thinking: relaxed, expansive, less purposeful, more contemplative (Cleese 1991). Organizationally, this translates into administrative slack. Peter Drucker relates a company's ability to innovate to the amount of administrative slack it provides in its daily operations ('Creativity in Danger' 1991)." (p. 149)
appraisal
"A system of performance appraisal creates the appropriate environment for individual abuse by providing managers with opportunities to practice management by fear. Its existence also is an example of institutional abuse, because it contributes to a culture based on management by threat and intimidation....To truly create the conditions that will support an all-out effort towards continuous improvement of products and services, the annual review of individual performance will have to be given up because it drives the wrong behavior. Practicing quality appropriately will also remove opportunities for abusing employees through management by fear." (p. 173)
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1991. Dr. Deming: The American Who Taught the Japanese About Quality.
- [Coens2000] Coens, T, Jenkins M.
2000. Abolishing Performance Appraisals: Why They Backfire and What to Do Instead.
- [Deming1982] Deming, EW.
1982. Out of the Crisis.
- [Lundin1998] Lundin, W, Lundin K.
1998. When Smart People Work for Dumb Bosses: How to Survive in a Crazy and Dysfunctional Workplace.
- [Orsburn1990] Orsburn, JD, Moran L, Musselwhite E, Zenger JH.
1990. Self Directed Work Teams: The New American Challenge.
- [Simon1978] Simon, SB.
1978. Negative criticism: Its swath of destruction and what to do about it.
- [Stoner1989] Stoner, JAF, Freeman R.E.
1989. Management.
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1988. The Deming Management Method.
- [Weick1979] Weick, KE.
1979. The Social Psychology of Organizing.
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